What is the role of an optical splitter within a passive optical network (PON)?

An optical splitter plays a crucial role in a passive optical network (PON) by distributing a single optical signal from a central location to multiple end-users. This technology allows one optical fiber connection to serve several subscriber locations without the need for additional active electronic components, making the system more efficient and cost-effective.

By utilizing an optical splitter, communication service providers can maximize the use of fiber infrastructure, reducing costs associated with running multiple fiber lines. It enables the sharing of bandwidth among users while maintaining the integrity of the optical signal. This function is critical in areas where deployment of additional fiber connections may be impractical.

The other options describe functions not performed by an optical splitter; for example, amplification of light signals, conversion of electrical to optical signals, and managing data encryption are carried out by different components within a network. Hence, the answer accurately reflects the specific purpose of an optical splitter in a PON.